Gridlock Nation

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In Nigeria, for example, "these artificial boundaries essentially set up a very intense situation, in which different ethnic groups, different tribes were forced to come together, where they had no real shared culture," Kwarteng says. Further information: September 2022 United Kingdom mini-budget Kwarteng's official chancellorship portrait Inside No 10, there is suspicion about what the young guns are up to. In the Tory whips' office, there is unease.

Speaking about the Aral Sea tragedy, he said that Uzbekistan is doing its best to mitigate its consequences and 1.7 million hectares of green areas with drought-tolerant plants had been created on the dried-up bed of the sea. Over the past 30 years, the region’s air temperature has increased by 1.5°C, which is more than twice the global warming average. It is expected that the per capita water supply will decrease by 25 per cent and agricultural yields by 40 per cent. “Unless we take timely and effective measures, the consequences of these problems will seriously undermine our region's socioeconomic stability,” he warned, calling for the appointment of the Special Representative of the UN Secretary General for Water Resources. He also put forward an initiative to adopt a UN General Assembly resolution titled “Central Asia Facing Global Climate Threats: Solidarity for Common Prosperity” and to discuss it at the International Climate Forum in Samarkand in 2024. Sattin, Anthony (12 May 2014). "War and Gold: A Five-Hundred-Year History of Empires, Adventures and Debt review – a comprehensive study of money and society". The Observer. Archived from the original on 1 January 2017 . Retrieved 12 December 2016.Kwarteng was once on the series winning team on University Challenge in Jeremy Paxman’s first year as the host. For those that remember, Kwarteng did seem to answer an “extremely” high number of the questions in the competition. Partington, Richard; Allegretti, Aubrey (23 September 2022). "Kwasi Kwarteng's mini-budget: key points at a glance". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 September 2022 . Retrieved 23 September 2022.

Turning to climate and environmental issues, he said that following the 2017 Paris Agreement on climate change, Turkmenistan has undertaken efforts at the national level reduce and eliminate the adverse impact of methane emissions. Welcoming the international community’s effort to implement the Global Methane Pledge, he said that his country recently approved a road map to examine its accession to this initiative. He went on to urge the United Nations to pay close attention to ecological issues in Central Asia, highlighting the need for a strategic approach. Turkmenistan thus proposes to establish, in Ashgabat, a regional centre for technologies related to climate change in Central Asia. On the Caspian Sea, he recalled the adoption of the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea by the coastal countries. Expressing hope for their cooperation with the United Nations, he put forward a Caspian ecology initiative — an international platform for interaction on relevant issues. Chancellor defends income tax cut U-turn". BBC News. 3 October 2022. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022 . Retrieved 3 October 2022. Where does the UK get its gas and is it facing a shortage this winter?". BBC News. 21 September 2021. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021 . Retrieved 16 November 2021. There are probably a total of 30 Tory MPs with cabinet potential in the new intake," said Dale. "It is a very, very talented group and they want to get on."Staunton, Denis (20 September 2021). "UK gas supply issues will not see 'lights going out', business secretary Kwarteng says". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 28 September 2021 . Retrieved 16 November 2021. Inman, Phillip (4 March 2021). "UK business leaders condemn 'sad and bad' axing of industrial strategy panel". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021 . Retrieved 4 January 2022.

Jennifer McCoy and Murat Somer, eds., “Special Issue on Polarized Polities: A Global Threat to Democracy,” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 681, no. 1 (January 2019); Thomas Carothers and Andrew O’Donahue, Democracies Divided: The Global Challenge of Political Polarization (Washington: Brookings Institution Press, 2019); and Murat Somer, Jennifer McCoy, and Russell Luke, “Pernicious Polarization, Autocratization and Opposition Strategies,” Democratization 28, no. 5 (2021): 929–948. These cases illustrate that depolarization—though very difficult—is possible. However, it is often quite fragile; as table 2 shows, a significant number of instances later repolarized to pernicious levels. The progress toward depolarization in seven of sixteen episodes was later undone, underscoring that the threat of pernicious polarization never fully disappears. Table 2: Cases of Depolarization From Pernicious Levels The crisis of contemporary democracy has become a major subject of political science in recent years. Despite this, the symptoms of this crisis – the vote for Brexit and Trump, among others – were not foreseen. Nor were the underlying causes of this new constellation of politics. Ambrose, Jillian (23 September 2021). "Kwasi Kwarteng vetoes subsidies for gas supply giants to take on rivals' clients". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021 . Retrieved 16 November 2021. I heard a lot of stories about old colonial times," he says. "My father remembers listening to the London Olympics in 1948 in his village, on his radio. These kinds of memories were part of my experience growing up."

Crisis of democracy

In Jordan, where refugees make up over one third of the 11 million population, cuts have already thrown the lives of hundreds of thousands of refugees into uncertainty, he continued. “Fear and want bring on sharp increases in the number of refugees fleeing to Europe and beyond, on journeys that too often end in tragedy,” he said. Jordan has done everything to secure a dignified life for refugees. Nearly half of the almost 1.4 million Syrians it hosts are under 18 years of age. For many of these young people, Jordan is the only place they have ever known. Over 230,000 Syrian children have been born in Jordan since 2011. “We are sharing precious resources to help them meet basic needs — food, energy, and especially water,” he said. Jordan is among the water-poorest countries in the world. It faces these pressures just when another crisis has hit the region: climate change. Jennifer McCoy is a nonresident scholar in the Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program, where she focuses on political polarization and democratic resilience in the U.S. and around the world. More > Kwasi Kwarteng: free marketeer and Truss's ideological soulmate becomes chancellor". The Guardian. 6 September 2022. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022 . Retrieved 23 September 2022. Watts, Rob (20 April 2021). "UK commits to 'world's most ambitious target' for emissions cuts". Upstream Online. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021 . Retrieved 10 May 2021. Reid, Stuart (10 July 2016). "A Brexiteer's Celebration – a conversation with Kwasi Kwarteng". Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 20 September 2016 . Retrieved 6 September 2016.