Hitler's Horses: The Incredible True Story of the Detective who Infiltrated the Nazi Underworld

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German military regulation H.Dv. 465/4 – Fahrvorschrift (Fahrv.) Heft 4 Fahren vom Sattel – 1942, ISBN 978-3738607093 I very seldom use a hidden camera,” writes Brand. “It went against my principles… But the case of Hitler’s art treasures was different. Whoever was harbouring these items had absolutely no intention of restoring them to their owner.” The camera ruse, whatever its justification, failed. Dissenting voices finally emerged. But what’s especially striking is how much of the postwar work of these Nazi artists survives, barely noticed, in public spaces in Germany. Raphael Gross, the Deutsches Historisches Museum’s president, recalls that when he lived in Frankfurt he would pass by a sculpture every day on his way to work at the city’s Rothschild Park. “Until recently, I didn’t know it had been commissioned during the Third Reich and installed after the war.” Now the sculptures will be shown again for the first time in the Spandau Citadel. One of the horses has been on display there for some time, and the second one is now being unveiled and examined by restorers.

Nazi sculptures on show Why a German museum is putting two Nazi sculptures on show

The park, named after the Rothschild family who had bought the property in 1837, was appropriated by the Nazis and its palace destroyed in a 1944 RAF bombing raid. Today, the park includes a statue called Der Ring der Statuen depicting seven nude allegorical figures by Georg Kolbe, commissioned in 1941 but only erected in 1954. Brauneis argues that the hidden history he unveils undermines that flattering image. “The truth is that these ‘divinely gifted’ artists had close ties with the cultural-political programme of the Federal Republic.” In 1957, for instance, Breker was commissioned to make a sculpture installed outside the Wilhelm-Dörpfeld-Gymnasium, a school in Wuppertal. The result was a larger than life bronze of Pallas Athene, the Greek goddess of war and wisdom, helmeted and poised to throw a spear. “The iconography is just the same as that of the Nazi era,” says the exhibition’s curator, Wolfgang Brauneis.Main articles: Participants in World War II §Mongolia, Mongolian People's Army, and Mongolia in World War II Mongolian cavalry in the Khalkhin Gol, 1939 Ciro Paoletti (2008). A military history of Italy. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-275-98505-9, ISBN 978-0-275-98505-9.

Hitler’s bronze horses to become government property in legal Hitler’s bronze horses to become government property in legal

Philip S. Jowett, illustrated by Stephen Andrew (2001). The Italian Army 1940–45: Africa 1940–43 Men At Arms 349. Osprey. ISBN 1-85532-865-8, ISBN 978-1-85532-865-5 J. Ingram Bryan (2006 reprint of 1928 edition). Japan from Within. Read Books. ISBN 1-4067-2732-6, ISBN 978-1-4067-2732-6.By 1945 the only French mounted troops retaining an operational role were several squadrons of Moroccan and Algerian spahis serving in North Africa and in France itself. a b Jowett, Philip (2002). The Japanese Army 1931–45 (1). Bloomsbury USA. p. 11. ISBN 1-84176-353-5. Brand, an art detective from Amsterdam, believed (like the rest of the art world) that the horses had been destroyed in the Battle for Berlin at the end of the Second World War. Until, that is, he was shown a colour photo of them by a shadowy former art fraudster who had been asked to facilitate their sale. Thus began Brand’s quest for the truth: were the horses in the photo genuine, or reproductions? And, if they were genuine, where had they been hidden?

Horses in World War II - Wikipedia Horses in World War II - Wikipedia

Decorator of Hitler’s desk … a 1965 ceiling painting by Nazi-commissioned artist Hermann Kaspar. Photograph: DHM, Fotograf Eric Tschrnow, 2020 The 1944 Cavalry Corps, in turn, had up to 103 tanks and tank destroyers in addition to three Cavalry Divisions [95] that once again were made lean and light and dependent on horse alone (4,700 [d] men with 76mm field guns and no armor). [95] By the end of the war with Germany, Soviet cavalry returned to its pre-war nominal strength of seven cavalry corps, or one cavalry corps per each tank army. This made the cavalry the only military unit in the Red army to achieve 100% Guards status among all of its units. The CMGs of the period (one Tank Corps and one Cavalry Corps) were regularly weapons of choice in operations where terrain prohibited the use of fully deployed Tank Armies. [96] a b c d Rich, Wilson p. 653 (table 59). Note that decline in horse population due to motorization and the Great Depression continued through the 1930s. John Gaylor. Sons of John Company – the Indian and Pakistan Armies 1903–1991. ISBN 0-946771-98-7. pp. 13–14. The legendary charge of Polish cavalry against German panzers, however, was a propaganda myth influenced by the Charge at Krojanty. In this battle fought on September 1, 1939, the Polish 18th Cavalry Regiment charged and dispersed a German infantry unit. [72] Soon afterwards the Poles themselves were gunned down by German armored vehicles and retreated with heavy casualties; the aftermath of the beating was fictitiously presented as a cavalry charge against tanks. [72]

Max Werner (2006 reprint of 1940 edition). The Military Strength of the Powers. Read Books. ISBN 1-4067-9823-1, ISBN 978-1-4067-9823-4. Allan R. Millett (1988). Military effectiveness, Volume 1. Routledge. ISBN 0-04-445054-0, ISBN 978-0-04-445054-2. Kevin Conley Ruffner (1990). Luftwaffe Field Divisions 1941–45. Men At Arms 229. Osprey. ISBN 1-85532-100-9, ISBN 978-1-85532-100-7. On the Nazi’s Gottbegnadeten list … Richard Scheibe at work in Berlin, 1955. Photograph: Georg Kolbe Museum, Foto Fritz Eschen Replacement of horses with armored cars in British cavalry began in 1928. Over the following eleven years all regular mounted regiments stationed in the United Kingdom, other than the Household Cavalry, were motorized, [4] and their horses sold or allocated to other units. Mechanised cavalry regiments retained their traditional titles but were grouped with the Royal Tank Regiment as part of the Royal Armoured Corps established in April 1939. [99]

Hitler’s missing horse statues solved - The Mystery of Hitler’s missing horse statues solved - The

Bruce I. Gudmundsson (2004). On armor. The military profession. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-275-95019-0, ISBN 978-0-275-95019-4.

Nazi sculptures in German public spaces 

Sutton, David (15 February 2022). Syria and Lebanon. Campaign of 1941. Bloomsbury USA. p.59. ISBN 9781472843845. Horses in World War II were used by the belligerent nations, for transportation of troops, artillery, materiel, messages, and, to a lesser extent, in mobile cavalry troops. The role of horses for each nation depended on its military doctrines, strategy, and state of economy. It was most pronounced in the German and Soviet Armies. Over the course of the war, Germany (2.75 million) and the Soviet Union (3.5 million) together employed more than six million horses. Breker was not an unusual case. The Deutsches Historiches Museum exhibition includes more than 300 works of art – tapestries, murals, sculptures – made by Nazi artists or fellow travellers after 1945. Among them is work by Hermann Kaspar whom Speer commissioned to design mosaics, frescoes, floors, friezes and wood inlays for the New Reich Chancellery. Hitler was most taken with the inlay of the oversized desk in the Führer’s study that, Speer recalled in his memoirs, depicted the mask of Mars, god of war, behind which a sword was crossed with a lance. “Well, well,” Hitler reportedly told Speer. “When the diplomats sitting in front of me at this table see it, they will learn to be afraid.” Darunas Liekis (2010). 1939 The Year That Changed Everything in Lithuania's History. Rodopi. ISBN 90-420-2762-2, ISBN 978-90-420-2762-6.